political science
Hojatolloh Rahimi
Abstract
Although interest in the discourse analysis of national development policies and plans has been growing in recent years; however, little attention has been paid to the context in which these texts are articulated. This article, by supposing essential relationships between text and its context, aimed ...
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Although interest in the discourse analysis of national development policies and plans has been growing in recent years; however, little attention has been paid to the context in which these texts are articulated. This article, by supposing essential relationships between text and its context, aimed to interpret the third development plan of Iran and to analyze the social context of the plan according to Baldwin’s monography and the method of the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The article identified “the order of discourse of planning and development” as a joint around which two dominant discourses including (i) “individually centralized planning discourse” and (ii) “growth-based development discourse” are articulated. In addition, “a participatory decentralized planning discourse” and “a distribution-based development discourse” have been identified as competing discourses in relation to the first two discourses. Finally, the article by analyzing the political and cultural context of the plan showed that the production of the plan as a text, instead of following a rational-scientific process, has mainly been influenced by ideological-discursive formulations seeking to maintain specific relation of power among key actors and geographical spaces through text.
political science
Hojatollah Rahimi
Abstract
Lloyd has attempted to construct a framework for social class analysis with regard to the context of the Third World cities. To do this, he, in A Third World Proletariat (1982), seeks to combine two major traditions, Weberism and Marxism. This paper argued that the combination of the two traditions acts ...
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Lloyd has attempted to construct a framework for social class analysis with regard to the context of the Third World cities. To do this, he, in A Third World Proletariat (1982), seeks to combine two major traditions, Weberism and Marxism. This paper argued that the combination of the two traditions acts as a source of the following theoretical and methodological inconsistencies. First, while Lloyd along with Marx considers working class as a fixed identity in the First World cities, Weberian tradition considers it as a contingent identity. Second, while he, was influenced by Marx, argues that class stratification shapes racial and ethical stratification and relationship, Weberian tradition adheres mutual relations among different fields of society. Third, while he explains relations between economic classes and political regulation of State from Marxist point of view, he neglects to explain relations between social status and political regulation of State, which is important within Weberian tradition. Forth, Class stratification, for him, is an ‘urban’ phenomenon and racial and ethical stratification belong to ‘the rural’, while, from Weberian point of view, racial and ethical stratification are key elements of ‘the urban’. Fifth, Lloyd’s framework seems unacceptably simplistic to combine Weber’s methodological individualism with Marx's ontological holism.
